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Jargon Buster A to Z
| A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z |
| A |
| A2 The part of the A-level examination taken after two years of study, mainly by students in year 13. |
| Academy Publicly funded independent schools, for pupils of all abilities, established by sponsors from business, faith or voluntary groups working in highly innovative partnerships with central Government and local education partners. |
| ACE Advisory Centre for Education. |
| Act of Worship Schools are required to provide a daily act of worship, the majority of which each term must be wholly or mainly of a broadly Christian character. This must be available to all pupils, though not necessarily at the same time. Some schools hold acts of worship as part of their assembly. Parents can withdraw their children if they wish. |
| Active Learning Learning which stimulates children to play an active part in the learning process. |
| AD(H)D Attention Deficit (Hyperactivity) Disorder. |
| Admissions Authority Schools which handle their own pupil applications are admission authorities. They send out information about the school and pupil application forms, giving a deadline for receipt. Local education authorities are also admission authorities as they are responsible for admissions to community and voluntary-controlled schools. |
| Advanced GNVQ Advanced General National Vocational Qualification. This is similar to BTEC and the equivalent of 2 A levels. |
| Advanced-level, A-level (A2) A qualification awarded to students, usually in Year 13, who reach the pass mark in AS and A2 examinations combined. |
| Advanced Supplementary Broader-based sixth-form studies, the same standard as A levels. |
| Ancillary staff Non-teaching staff in a school, such as clerical assistants, caretakers and lunchtime supervisors, are sometimes called ancillary staff. |
| Annual parents' meeting A meeting which the governing body of a school must hold each year for parents/carers of children attending the institution. |
| Annual report to parents A written document which the governing body of a school must issue to parents / carers of all children enrolled. |
| Areas of Learning and Experience See Desirable Outcomes. |
| AS examination AS examinations are taken by some sixth formers who want to study a broader range of subjects than is possible if taking traditional A levels. An AS examination is broadly the equivalent of half the work of an A level, but at the same standard. |
| Assessment Assessment is the process teachers use to collect evidence of pupils' achievements. There are nationally devised assessment tests at the end of every National Curriculum Key Stage, and public examinations at 16. |
| Audiologist Identifies and assesses hearing and or balance disorders. |
B |
| Baccalaureate The Baccalaureate (or "Bac") is a European examination system equivalent to A levels, but which allows a larger range of subjects to be studied. |
| Barriers to learning Reasons why a child is not achieving full potential. |
| Baseline Assessment An assessment of a child's skills and abilities usually made by a teacher within the first seven weeks of starting primary school. It shows teachers what a child can do when starting school and helps them to plan lessons and measure progress. Areas covered include Language and Literacy, Maths and Personal and Social Development. |
| Basic skills The meaning of the term 'basic skills' depends on the context, but it often refers to literacy and numeracy. |
| Beacon School A school officially recognised by the DfES as having key strengths which should be shared with neighbouring schools. |
| Behaviour Support Plan A statement which sets out local arrangements for schools and other service providers for the education of children with behavioural difficulties. |
| Birth to Three Matters Framework to support children in their earliest years, this framework is what childcare professionals will use to create a suitable learning environment for children in their care. |
| Book Trust An independent educational charity established to promote books and reading among readers of all ages and cultures. |
| BTEC National Qualification equivalent to two A level courses. Subjects include Nursery Nursing, Business Studies and Art and Design. There are considerable practical elements to the courses with work placements offered. |
C |
| Catchment Area Some admission authorities give priority to children who live in an area around the school, known as the catchment area. |
| CDT See Design and Technology. |
| Citizenship A National Curriculum subject concerned with people's place in society and the rights and responsibility this confers. It is often taught as part of lessons in Personal, Social and Health Education. |
| City Academy A flagship school set up in an inner city area to promote high educational standards. |
| CTC City Technical College Independent all ability non-fee-paying schools for pupils aged 11-18. There are 14 CTCs and one CCTA - City College for the Technology of the Arts, in urban areas across England. CTCs teach the national curriculum to pre-16-year-olds with a focus on Science, Mathematics and Technology. They offer a wide range of vocational qualifications and part of their role is to innovate in the development, management and delivery of the curriculum. |
| Child Protection Register The Child Protection Register is a record of children who are considered to be suffering or likely to suffer significant harm. Such harm might be neglect, physical injury, sexual abuse or emotional abuse. For each child listed there should also be a child protection plan. |
| Child-centred A child-centred approach to teaching and learning seeks to match teaching to individual pupils' needs, abilities and experiences. |
| Children's Act The Children Act covers the law on the care and upbringing of children and the social services provided for them. It deals with the principles which must guide courts when making decisions relating to children. The aim is that a child's welfare is paramount in deciding questions relating to their upbringing. |
| Childminders Registered by Ofsted these are Childcare professionals working independently from their own home. (note; childminder's who care for over 8's only are not required to be registered or inspected, however Ofsted are introducing a Voluntary register soon.) Childminders look after children under five and school age children after hours and in the holidays. |
| CPVE The Certificate of Pre-Vocational Education (CPVE) is a one-year course for young people aged sixteen and above with few examination passes. It is designed to prepare them for training in a particular area of work. |
| Community school State schools in England and Wales which are wholly owned and maintained by the local education authority. The local education authority is the admissions authority - it has main responsibility for deciding arrangements for admitting pupils. |
| Comprehensive school A school which does not select children for admission on grounds of ability. |
| Continuous assessment Some courses are assessed by looking at selected pieces of work done during the course, rather than by a final examination. These courses are said to be continuously assessed. |
| Core Subject One of the three main subjects (English, Maths and Science) in the national curriculum which are compulsory for all children of all ages. |
| County Schools State schools in England and Wales which are wholly owned and maintained by local education authorities. |
| CSR Continuous Student Record. |
| Cross-curricular Some of the knowledge, skills and understanding pupils gain at school is not limited to one particular subject. Skills learnt or themes explored that cut across a number of different subject areas are termed 'cross-curricular'. |
| Curriculum The curriculum is the sum of all the planned experiences to which a pupil is exposed at school, both inside and outside the classroom. A significant part of these experiences are determined by the Government through the national curriculum regulations. The curriculum in its broader sense might include such things as school plays, assemblies and lunchtime activities. |
D |
| Day Nurseries These take children under five for the whole working day. Children can attend on a part-time or full-time basis according to their parents' needs. They may be run by local authorities, voluntary organisations private companies, individuals or employers. There must be at least one adult for every eight children and at least half of the staff must have a qualification recognised by the local authority. |
| Design and technology Design and technology was introduced with the national curriculum. It replaced CDT (Craft, Design and Technology) and some aspects of Home Economics. It is an integrated subject where the core is designing, making and problem solving, supported by the study of a wide range of materials and new technologies. |
| Designated Teachers Advocates who liaise with other services on behalf of young people in care. |
| Detention A punishment given to a child whereby they are kept under supervision after school, during the lunchtime or break. Schools must give parents / carers 24 hours notice of detentions which will take place after school. |
| DfES Department for Education and Skills. |
| DLOs Desirable Learning Outcomes 'Desirable Outcomes for children's learning before compulsory school age' apply to education provided in nursery and reception classes (that is until the term after a child's fifth birthday). In order to register as a Nursery Provider under the Nursery Voucher scheme, schools and others have to promote these 'Desirable Outcomes' in six areas of learning and experience for under fives. |
E |
| EAL English as an Additional Language. |
| Early Achievers Children who achieve in advance of their year group. |
| Early Years Development and Childcare Partnership Plans education locally for children below compulsory school age, and childcare for children from 0 to 14 years. One Partnership in each local education authority area draws up a plan each year which explains what local early education and childcare services will be provided and includes a list of all local providers of free early education. |
| EBD Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties. |
| EDP Education Development Plan. |
| Education Welfare Officers (Otherwise known as Education Social Workers) Employed by local education authorities to monitor school attendance and help parents meet their responsibilities. |
| Educational Psychologist Educational psychologists carry out psychological assessments on children. They also study and advise on the intellectual, emotional, social and physical development of children, and work with individual pupils to improve learning and behaviour. |
| Ethos A school's ethos is its characteristic spirit. It might be expressed in such things as the school's approach to pupils' spiritual, moral, social and cultural development, or the behaviour and attendance of the school's pupils. |
| Eleven Plus An examination, taken is the last year of primary school, which determines whether a child can attend grammar school. |
| EMA Education Maintenance Allowance. |
| Examination Boards GCSE and A level examinations are administered by regional examination boards. These are independent organisations which operate within central government guidelines. |
| Exclusion The suspension or expulsion of a pupil from school for disciplinary reasons. Exclusions may be permanent or for a fixed term. |
| Extended school A school that provides a range of services and activities often beyond the school day to help meet the needs of its pupils, their families and the wider community. |
| EYFS Early Years Foundation Stage bringing together the foundation stage and Birth to Three under umbrella, covering children from Birth to FIVE. |
F |
| Family Literacy and Family Numeracy Courses Offered by most Local Education Authorities, these courses let you and your child learn skills together, and separately, in small courses run in cooperation with local schools. |
| Fast Tracking Any system which enables pupils to take qualifications earlier than other children in their year group. |
| FE Further Education. |
| Federation of Children's Book Groups A national, voluntary organisation which aims to promote enjoyment and interest in children's books and reading. |
| Feeder Schools A feeder school is one which generally transfers most of its pupils to one other. Some admission authorities give priority to children from certain primary schools. |
| Field Study Some subjects, such as geography and biology, require out of school study in a real environment. This is called field study. It is an essential requirement of some examination syllabuses. |
| Foundation Schools Type of state school which is run by the local authority but which has more freedom than community schools to manage their school and decide on their own admissions. |
| Foundation Stage Follows on from Birth to Three Matters, aimed at children in Nurseries and pre-school settings and Reception Classes. |
| FSM Free School Meals. |
G |
| GCE General Certificate of Education. |
| GCSE General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) is a single system of examinations for 16 year olds that replaced O levels and CSEs in 1988. |
| Gifted Child Children with high achievement or potential for high achievement in mainstream academic subjects. Top 5-10 per cent in each school. Registered cohort should be at least 2/3. |
| GNVQ General National Vocational Qualification. Vocational qualifications taken mainly by pupils age 16 and in full-time education. |
| Governing Body The body with legal responsibility for the running of the school, comprising of a group of governors. |
| Governor An unpaid individual who assists the head teacher in the running of the school as part of the governing body. |
| Grant Maintained Schools State schools in England and Wales which are funded by central government through the Funding Agency for Schools. |
| Group Teaching Group teaching involves breaking down a class into smaller groups of pupils, who can then proceed at different speeds or follow particular tasks. |
H |
| HE Higher Education. |
| Healthy Schools Initiative Government scheme to help improve the health of both pupils and teachers. |
| Health Visitor Qualified Nurse who has had specialized training on the promotion of health and prevention of illness primarily for children under 5yrs old. |
| HMI - Her Majesty's Inspector See Ofsted. |
| HNC Higher National Certificate. |
| HND Higher National Diploma - a two-year course that equates to two years of a degree course. Offered in many subject areas, mostly with a practical application. HNDs may also have an industrial or commercial placement as part of the course. |
| Home-school Agreements All state schools are required to have written home-school agreements, drawn up in consultation with parents. They are non-binding statements explaining the school's aims and values, the responsibilities of both school and parents, and what the school expects of its pupils. Parents will be invited to sign a parental declaration, indicating that they understand and accept the contents of the agreement. |
| Home Tuition If children are unable to attend school, for example as a result of a long-term illness, they may be provided with home tuition by a specially trained teacher employed by the LEA. |
| HSE Health & Safety Executive. |
| Humanities Humanities are subjects that deal with people and humankind as their central concern. Examples are geography, history, religious education and social studies. |
I |
| ICT Information and Communications Technology. |
| IEP Individual Education Programme. Programmes which are drawn up by the class teacher and/or special needs coordinator within a school to provide individual support for children deemed to have needs over and above that of other children in the class. This could be either due to learning difficulties or because they are considered to be exceptionally bright or gifted children. |
| ILT Information and Learning Technology. |
| INCO Inclusion Needs Coordinator working with an educational setting they are responsible for all matters relating to current inclusion guidelines. |
| Independent Learning Opportunities provided for children to work independently. This may take place within a variety of learning contexts and does not necessarily mean there is no guidance or structure at all. |
| Independent Schools These are schools which are not funded by the state and obtain most of their finances from fees paid by parents and income from investments. Some of the larger independent schools are known as public schools, while most boarding schools are independent. Further information is available from the ISIS - Independent Schools Information Service. |
| Infants An infant's school or an infants department in a primary school caters for pupils aged from four to seven years. |
| In loco parentis While children are at school, teachers are regarded in law as being in the place of a parent (in loco parentis, to use the Latin phrase). This means that teachers must act towards children as a reasonable parent could be expected to act. |
| INSET In-service education and training. All teachers have access to INSET in schools, helping them to refine their teaching and management skills. |
| Instructor An instructor is someone who is not a qualified teacher, but is employed by a school to give tuition in a particular specialism, such as dance or keyboard skills. |
| Integrated day An integrated day is a teaching method and form of timetable organisation that allows teaching and learning to occur across many subjects, thus building links between subject areas, and allowing knowledge from one subject area to be used in others. |
| IQ tests Assessments which measure intelligence and which give a score against a national average. |
| IT Information Technology means things to do with computers and other communications and control systems. |
J |
| Juniors A junior school or junior department of a primary school caters for pupils aged from seven to eleven years. |
K |
| KS Key Stage A child's progress through school is measured in Key Stages. Each Key Stage covers a number of school years. Starting at Key Stage 1 and finishing at Key Stage 4.
|
L |
| LEA Local Education Authority The term 'local education authority' (or LEA) describes a type of council which has responsibility for providing education to pupils of school age in its area. Their overall education remit also includes early years, the youth service and adult education. An LEA is responsible for promoting high standards of education. It is responsible for contributing to the spiritual, moral, mental and physical development of the community by ensuring that efficient primary and secondary education is provided and ensuring that there are enough primary and secondary places with adequate facilities to meet the needs of pupils living in the area. |
| Learning Card A card issued to all children over the age of 16 to remind them of their continued access to careers guidance and information. |
| Learning Difficulty See Special Educational Needs. |
| Literacy Hour An hour of learning to read and write in school, broken down into various activities. |
| Lower School The first three year groups in a secondary school were once often called the lower school. Since the national curriculum, most people call this stage in a pupil's education Key Stage 3. |
M |
| MA Modern Apprenticeships. |
| Mainstream Schools Schools other than special schools are sometimes called mainstream schools. |
| Maintained schools Schools whose running costs are met from public funds are called maintained schools. The term therefore includes LEA schools, church schools and grant maintained schools, but not independent, public or private schools. |
| Mind Maps Drawings which show the links which can aid understanding and memory. |
| MLD Mild Learning Difficulties. |
| Moderation Because there are so many candidates, external examination papers are marked by a great number of people. It is important to ensure that standards are consistent, and grades are not affected by 'generous' or 'hard' markers. The process of getting all of the markers to mark at the same level is called moderation. |
| Modular Courses Some courses may be broken down into a series of relatively self-contained segments called modules: say five modules, each lasting eight weeks. Pupils following modular courses are often tested at the end of the module, rather than just at the end of the year. |
N |
| Nanny Privately contracted childcare professional looking after children in their own home who does NOT work to any current national standards (unregulated however Ofsted plan to offer a voluntary register for nanny's and over 8's childminder's). |
| National Curriculum Covers what pupils should be taught in state maintained schools. The national curriculum provides a balanced education for a child covering 11 subjects overall, and is divided into four Key Stages according to age. |
| National Curriculum Tests The real name for SATs. All pupils undergo national tests and teacher assessments at ages 7, 11 and 14. The school will then send a report to parents telling them what National Curriculum Level their child has reached in both tests and assessments. |
| National Numeracy Strategy A government initiative which aims to raise standards of numeracy for all children in infant, primary and junior schools. It tries to involve parents as much as possible. |
| NEG This has now been re-named Early Years Free Entitlement and applies the same as the previous NEG! |
| NSPCC National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children. |
| Nursery Class These take children from the age of three or four and are open during school term time. They usually offer five half-day sessions a week. There must be one adult for every 13 children and staff are qualified teachers and assistants. |
| NUT National Union of Teachers. |
| Nutritionist / Dietician Works with people to promote wellbeing, gives advice and recommendation on nutrition and diet to improve health. |
| NVQ National Vocational Qualification - a work-based qualification. |
O |
| OCA OFSTED Complaints Adjudicator. |
| Occupational Therapist Helps people overcome physical, psychological or social problems arising from illness or disability, by concentrating on what they are able to achieve. |
| OFSTED Office for Standards in Education An official body which regularly inspects all the schools in England which are mainly or wholly state-funded. OFSTED inspectors produce education reports which are meant to improve standards of achievement and quality of education, provide public reporting and informed independent advice. |
| Options At the end of their third year in secondary school, pupils can choose which subject options to take for the next two years, and therefore at GCSE level. |
| Oversubscription Criteria Often referred to as those rules applied by admission authorities when a school has more applications than places. They must by law be fair and objective and must be published annually in prospectuses and by local authorities in a prospectus explaining admissions at all schools in an area. |
P |
| PANDA Performance and Assessment Reports Produced by the Office for Standards in Education (OFSTED) and issued annually to schools. The contents of each PANDA report are confidential between OFSTED, the school, and the Local Education Authority, although schools are free to disseminate the information as they see fit. |
| Parent-Teacher Association (PTA) An informal group of parents / carers and teachers which support the school, for example organising fundraising events or helping out on open evenings. |
| PE Physical Education. |
| Personal Education Plan (PEP) PEPs are schemes developed for young individuals in public care, designed to support their education. |
| Performance Tables The Department for Education and Skills publishes comparative secondary and 16-18 performance tables each year. The tables report achievements in public examinations and vocational qualifications in secondary schools and Further Education sector colleges. Primary school performance tables are published by local education authorities and report the achievements of pupils at the end of Key Stage 2. |
| Phonics Phonics are the sounds which letters or groups of letters make when read aloud. Knowledge of phonics is one of a range of strategies needed when learning to read. |
| Physiotherapist Treat the physical problems caused by accidents, illness and ageing, particularly those that affect the muscles, bones, heart, circulation and lungs. |
| Psychiatrist Qualified Doctors who diagnose and treat mental health conditions. |
| Psychologist Brings psychological theory and practice to bear in solving problems or bring about improvements for individuals, groups and organisations. |
| Psychotherapist Use a psychological approach to treat adults and children with a wide range of mental and physical conditions. |
| Pre-school Playgroups These generally take children between the ages of three and five and most offer half-day sessions. Usually non-profit making and managed by volunteers and parents. There must be at least one adult for every eight children and at least half of the adults must be qualified leaders or assistants. |
| Primary School A school providing education to children aged 5-11. |
| Private Nursery Schools These take children between the ages of two and five and offer half or full-day sessions and some stay open in the school holidays. There must be at least one adult for every 13 children and at least half of the staff must be qualified teachers. |
| Prospectus A school's prospectus is a brochure containing useful facts and figures, which the governing body must publish each year for parents and prospective parents. Ministers set minimum requirements for content, so that parents can easily make comparisons between different schools. Copies will be available at the school for reference or free of charge to parents on request. |
| PSE Personal and Social Education. It is also what a school does generally to promote the personal and social development of pupils. |
| PSHE Personal, Social and Health Education. |
| Pupil Referral Unit (PRU) An educational establishment maintained by an LEA providing education to students who have been excluded from schools. |
| PTR The pupil teacher ratio (PTR) is the number of pupils divided by the number of full time equivalent staff. |
Q |
| QAA Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education. |
| QCA Qualifications and Curriculum Authority. |
R |
| Reception Class The youngest class in an infants or primary school (ignoring nursery classes) is called the reception class. Most of the pupils in the reception class will be four, becoming five in the course of the year. There must be at least one adult for every 13 children. Staff are qualified teachers and assistants. |
| Reading Age When reading material is tested on large groups of pupils, the average reading ability of pupils of particular ages can be established. This provides something with which to compare an individual pupil's ability to read the same test material. Information about reading ages needs to be interpreted with caution. |
| Record of Achievement A Record of Achievement is a document that summarises a pupil's attainments and achievements during their time at school. It includes information about the pupil's academic record, personal and social development and activities both in and out of school. |
| Registered Inspectors See Ofsted |
S |
| SATs, Standard Assessment Tests All pupils in England undergo national tests and teacher assessments at ages 7, 11 and 14. The school will then send a report to parents telling them what National Curriculum Levels their child has reached in both tests and assessments. |
| School Nurse Takes over the Health Visitors role once your child reaches school age. They visit the schools and do routine checks. |
| Self-governing Schools Scottish schools which are equivalent to grant-maintained schools in England. |
| SEN Special Educational Needs. This denotes any child that has been identified as having some form of educational need either as a result of learning difficulty or if they are deemed as particularly bright or gifted. These children receive additional support either from within the school or outside agencies. |
| SENCO Special Educational Needs Coordinator working within an educational setting, they are responsible for the implementation of any SEN policies and any matters relating to SEN. Including Parental Liaison. |
| Setting This is where pupils are streamed by ability but for each individual subject, so a pupil might be in different groups or sets for different subjects. |
| SLD Severe Learning Difficulties. |
| SLDD Students with Learning Difficulty and / or Disability. |
| Speech Therapist Work with people who have problems with communication, including speech defects or with chewing or swallowing problems. |
| Special Schools State schools in England and Wales which are provided by local education authorities for certain children with special educational needs. |
| Specialist Schools This type of school includes technology, languages, sports and art colleges operating in England. |
| Specialist Schools Programme Additional funding enables secondary schools to develop strengths in a particular subject area, supported by local industry and in partnership with local schools and the wider community to share resources and expertise, while still delivering a national curriculum-based education. |
| SQA Scottish Qualifications Agency. |
| State Nursery Schools These take children from the age of three or four and are open during school term time and normally offer five half-day sessions a week. There must be at least one adult for every 13 children. Staff are qualified teachers and assistants. |
| State Schools Otherwise known as publicly funded schools and attended by over 90 per cent of pupils. Parents do not pay any fees. Scottish state schools are maintained and controlled by the local education authority. |
| Statements of Special Educational Needs (SEN) These statements describe any learning difficulties which pupils have, and specify the extra help or equipment they need. Around 3 per cent of school pupils nationally have statements. Some pupils with special educational needs are academically able. |
| Statutory Duty If you have a statutory duty to do something, it means you are required to do it by law. |
| Statutory School Age Children are required to go to school (or other full time education) from the term following their fifth birthday until the last Friday in June following their 16th Birthday. |
| Streaming Where pupils are grouped according to ability, and they usually stay in the same groups for most or all of their work. |
| Study Support Voluntary learning activity outside normal lessons which aims to improve children's motivation, build their self-esteem and help them to become more effective learners. |
| Summer Schools Courses which take place during the summer holidays. |
| Supply Teacher A teacher employed to cover for staff absence, usually through a company providing this service such as a teacher supply agency. |
| Support staff Staff in a school that support teachers, such as nursery nurses, teachers' aides and adult helpers. |
| SVQs Scottish Vocational Qualifications. |
| Syllabus A syllabus is a description of a course of study in a particular subject. |
T |
| TC Technology Colleges. |
| Teacher Assessment A formal assessment made by a teacher when your child is aged 7, 11 and 14. Used alongside the national tests to judge a child's educational progress. |
| Talented Pupil Children with high achievement, or potential for high achievement, in a sport or creative art. Top 5-10 per cent in each school. |
| The National Assembly for Wales The body responsible for education policy in Wales. |
| Teacher Days See inset days. |
| Training Days See inset days. |
| Truancy Truancy is the absence of pupils from school without authorisation. |
| Tutorial A tutorial is a session where a teacher works with an individual pupil or a small group. |
U |
| UCAS Universities and Colleges Admissions Service - central agency for processing applications for undergraduate courses. |
| Underachiever A child who is not achieving his / her potential. |
V |
| Verbal Reasoning Test Verbal reasoning tests are designed to test pupils' ability to understand written and spoken language. |
| Vocational Courses Vocational courses are designed to prepare students for a particular career, rather than giving them a general education with readily transferable skills and knowledge. See NVQs, HNCs and GNVQs. |
| Voluntary Aided School Schools in England and Wales which are maintained by the Local Education Authority, with a foundation (generally religious) which appoints most of the governing body. The governing body is the admissions authority. |
| Voluntary Controlled School See voluntary aided school. |
| Voluntary Grammar Schools Grant-maintained, integrated schools in Northern Ireland which take both Protestant and Roman Catholic pupils. |
| Voluntary Maintained Schools Schools in Northern Ireland which are mainly managed by the Catholic Church. |
W |
| Withdrawal Sometimes pupils are taken out of the classroom for short periods, either for special tuition or as part of a strategy to improve their behaviour. This practice is called withdrawal. |
| Work Experience Many local firms and other employers give older secondary school pupils the opportunity to spend some time in a place of work. This work experience is a good preparation for leaving school and starting work. |
Y |
| Year Group Refers to all the children in a specific chronological year at school, starting in year 1 (age 5-6) and ending when they leave school in year 11 (age 15-16) or year 13 (age 17-18). Year R refers to reception classes, in which children are placed before beginning year 1. |
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